1. Sabo Laboratory, Faculty of Oceanology, Kobe University, Kobe City 658-0022, Japan
2. Centre of Natural Hazards and Disaster Risk, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
3. Department of Forest Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
4. Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, Kobe City 657-8501, Japan
5. Centre for Innovation in Learning and Teaching, University of Namibia, 340 Mandume Ndemufayo Avenue, Pionierspark, Windhoek 13301, Namibia