Long-Term Mortality after Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Mitral Valve Repair Significantly Decreased over the Last Decade: Comparison between Initial and Current Experience from the MiTra Ulm Registry

Abstract

(1) Objective: We aimed to assess whether the candidate profile, the long-term outcomes and the predictors for long-term mortality after transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair (M-TEER) have changed over the last decade; (2) Methods: Long-term follow-up data (median time of 1202 days) including mortality, MACCE and functional status were available for 677 consecutive patients enrolled in the prospective MiTra Ulm registry from January 2010 to April 2019. The initial 340 patients treated in our institution before January 2016 were compared with the following 337 patients; (3) Results: Patients treated after 2016 showed significantly less ventricular dilatation (left ventricular end-systolic diameter of 43 ± 13 mm vs. 49 ± 16 mm, p < 0.007), lower systolic pulmonary pressures (50 ± 15 mmHg vs. 57 ± 21 mmHg, p = 0.01) and a lower prevalence of severe tricuspid regurgitation (27.2% vs. 47.3%, p < 0.001) at baseline than patients treated before 2016. Compared to the cohort treated before 2016, patients treated afterwards showed a significantly lower all-cause 3-year mortality (29.4% vs. 43.8%, p < 0.001) and lower MACCE (38.6% vs. 54.1%, p < 0.001), without differences for MR etiology. While severe tricuspid regurgitation and NYHA class IV remained independently associated with an increased long-term mortality over the last decade, severe left ventricular dilatation (hazard ratio, HR 2.12, p = 0.047) and severe pulmonary hypertension (HR 2.18, p = 0.047) were predictors of long-term mortality only in patients treated before 2016. (4) Conclusions: The M-TEER candidates are currently treated earlier in the course of disease and benefit significantly in terms of a better long-term survival than patients treated at the beginning of the M-TEER era.