Lessons from the Pandemic: Role of Percutaneous ECMO and Balloon Atrial Septostomy in Multi-System Inflammatory Syndrome in Children

Author:

Philip Ranjit R.12,Sentilles Claire3,Johnson Jason N.12ORCID,Merlocco Anthony12ORCID,Ramakrishnan Karthik24,Ryan Kaitlin A.12,Boston Umar24,Sathanandam Shyam12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 50 N Dunlap St., Memphis, TN 38103, USA

2. The Heart Institute, Le Bonheur Children’s Hospital, 51 N Dunlap St., Memphis, TN 38103, USA

3. Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 50 N Dunlap St., Memphis, TN 38103, USA

4. Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 901 Madison Ave. Memphis, TN 38163, USA

Abstract

Multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in the setting of COVID-19 can be associated with severe cardiopulmonary dysfunction. This clinical deterioration may sometimes necessitate veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) support. We describe an algorithmic approach including the role of balloon atrial septostomy in this cohort. This is the first reported series of percutaneous VA-ECMO in pediatric patients with MIS-C for better outcomes. The lessons from this approach can be replicated in other pediatric clinical conditions and adds to the armament of multiple pediatric specialties.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Reference23 articles.

1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2020, August 24). United States COVID-19 Cases and Deaths by State, Available online: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/cases-updates/cases-in-us.html.

2. Hyperinflammatory shock in children during COVID-19 pandemic;Riphagen;Lancet,2020

3. Acute heart failure in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in the context of global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic;Belhadjer;Circulation,2020

4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and Center for Preparedness and Response (2020, June 13). Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) Associated with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), Clinician Outreach and Communication (COCA) Webinar, Available online: https://emergency.cdc.gov/coca/calls/2020/callinfo_051920asp.

5. Cardiac manifestations in SARS-CoV-2-associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: A comprehensive review and proposed clinical approach;Sperotto;Eur. J. Pediatr.,2021

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