Abstract
Previous evidence has linked animal protein intake, including dairy foods, with an increased risk in mortality from all-causes and certain chronic diseases, including cancer and heart disease. The objective of the current analysis was to examine associations between total dairy consumption with mortality from all-causes, cancer, and heart disease. Data for adults (≥19 y; n = 54,830) from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and NHANES 1999–2014 were linked with mortality data through 2015. Individual usual intake for dairy foods were estimated using the National Cancer Institute method. Hazard ratio (HR) models were fit for mortality types (all cause, cancer, heart disease) and measures of usual intakes of dairy. Multivariable analysis further adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, waist circumference, smoking status, education level, chronic condition status (i.e., based on cancer, myocardial infarct, and diabetes/diabetes medication reported), weight loss attempts, and % kcal from animal protein. No associations were seen between dairy food intake and mortality risk from all-causes [HR = 0.97; confidence intervals (CI): 0.85–1.11; p = 0.67], and cancer [HR = 0.95; CI: 0.75–1.20; p = 0.65] when comparing the lowest quartile to the highest quartile of consumption. Dairy food consumption was associated with a 26% reduced risk for heart disease mortality when comparing the lowest quartile to the highest quartile [HR = 0.74; CI: 0.54–1.01; p = 0.05]. Further analyses in different age groups showed that dairy food consumption was associated with 39% and 31% reduced risk for heart disease mortality in older adults 51–70 and ≥51 y, respectively [adults 51–70 y: HR = 0.61; CI: 0.41–0.91; p = 0.01; adults ≥51 y: HR = 0.69; CI: 0.54–0.89; p = 0.004]. These results contradict previous findings that have linked dairy foods to increased mortality risk. Further, dairy foods as part of a healthy dietary pattern, may help lower heart disease mortality risk.
Subject
Food Science,Nutrition and Dietetics
Reference31 articles.
1. Sources and amounts of animal, dairy, and plant protein intake of US adults in 2007–2010;Pasiakos;Nutrients,2015
2. Milk and dairy product consumption and cardiovascular diseases: An overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses;Fontecha;Adv. Nutr.,2019
3. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and U.S. Department of Agriculture (2022, November 04). 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 8th ed., December 2015, Available online: https://health.gov/our-work/food-nutrition/previous-dietary-guidelines/2015.
4. U.S. Department of Agriculture and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2022, November 04). Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020–2025, 9th Ed., December 2020, Available online: https://www.dietaryguidelines.gov/sites/default/files/2020-12/Dietary_Guidelines_for_Americans_2020-2025.pdf.
5. Low protein intake is associated with a major reduction in IGF-1, cancer, and overall mortality in the 65 and younger but not older population;Levine;Cell Metab.,2014
Cited by
1 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献