Baicalin Weakens the Virulence of Porcine Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli by Inhibiting the LuxS/AI-2 Quorum-Sensing System

Author:

Zong Bingbing123,Xiao Yong13,Wang Peiyi13,Liu Wei13,Ren Mingxing13,Li Changyan1,Fu Shulin13,Zhang Yanyan13,Qiu Yinsheng123

Affiliation:

1. Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China

2. Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 400023, China

3. Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan 400023, China

Abstract

Porcine extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is a pathogenic bacterium that causes huge economic losses to the pig farming industry and considerably threatens human health. The quorum sensing (QS) system plays a crucial role in the survival and pathogenesis of pathogenic bacteria. Hence, it is a viable approach to prevent ExPEC infection by compromising the QS system, particularly the LuxS/AI-2 system. In this study, we investigated the effects of baicalin on the LuxS/AI-2 system of ExPEC. Baicalin at concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 μg/mL significantly diminished the survival ability of ExPEC in hostile environments and could inhibit the biofilm formation and autoagglutination ability in ExPEC. Moreover, baicalin dose-dependently decreased the production of AI-2 and down-regulated the expression level of luxS in PCN033. These results suggest that baicalin can weaken the virulence of PCN033 by inhibiting the LuxS/AI-2 system. After the gene luxS was deleted, AI-2 production in PCN033 was almost completely eliminated, similar to the effect of baicalin on the production of AI-2 in PCN033. This indicates that baicalin reduced the production of AI-2 by inhibiting the expression level of luxS in ExPEC. In addition, the animal experiment further showed the potential of baicalin as a LuxS/AI-2 system inhibitor to prevent ExPEC infection. This study highlights the potential of baicalin as a natural quorum-sensing inhibitor for therapeutic applications in preventing ExPEC infection by targeting the LuxS/AI-2 system.

Funder

Natural Science Foundation of China project

Hubei Provincial Major Science and Technology Innovation Plan

open project of Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University

open project of the Key Laboratory of Prevention and control agents for animal bacteriosis

Publisher

MDPI AG

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