Classification of Speed Sensor Faults Based on Shallow Neural Networks

Abstract

This paper presents a novel speed sensor fault detection, classification, and compensation mechanism in a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive system. Application is based on state variable observers and shallow neural networks (NN). Classical fault detection mechanism based on state variable observers has been extended with neural networks. This enables improved detection efficiency and increases immunity to false alarms. In addition, the use of neural networks allowed for the classification of the failure type. Three types of failures are considered in the paper: signal loss, scaling error, and signal interference. The detection efficiency of the proposed solution is about 97%. On the other hand, the classification of the worst type of failure—signal loss—was achieved at the level of 100%. Other considered failure types are classified at the level of 80–90%. In addition, tests were carried out for two types of observers—model reference adaptive system and sliding mode observer—to compare the results. The work presents experimental results carried out for various operating conditions of the drive system. The failure classification times in the experimental tests were achieved at a level of less than 30 ms.