A Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Itraconazole and a Combination Therapy with Itraconazole and Potassium Iodide for the Treatment of Feline Sporotrichosis
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Published:2024-01-26
Issue:2
Volume:10
Page:101
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ISSN:2309-608X
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Container-title:Journal of Fungi
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language:en
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Short-container-title:JoF
Author:
Reis Erica Guerino dos1, Pereira Sandro Antonio1ORCID, Miranda Luisa Helena Monteiro de2ORCID, Oliveira Raquel de Vasconcellos Carvalhaes de3ORCID, Quintana Marcel de Souza Borges3, Viana Paula Gonçalves1, Figueiredo Anna Barreto Fernandes1, Honorato Cindy Caroline dos Santos1, Pereira-Oliveira Gabriela Reis1ORCID, Silva Jéssica Nunes1, Schubach Tânia Maria Pacheco1, Gremião Isabella Dib Ferreira1ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Laboratory of Clinical Research on Dermatozoonoses in Domestic Animals, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil 2. Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia 3. Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-361, Brazil
Abstract
Feline sporotrichosis is an endemic disease with high occurrence in Brazil. Itraconazole (ITZ) remains the drug of choice for treating this disease in cats, despite the increasing reports of therapeutic failure. A controlled, randomized clinical trial was performed on 166 naive cats with sporotrichosis to assess the effectiveness and safety of the combination therapy with ITZ and potassium iodide (KI) compared with ITZ monotherapy. Cats were randomly allocated into two treatment groups: G1—ITZ 100 mg/cat/day—and G2—ITZ 100 mg/cat/day + KI 2.5–20 mg/kg/day. Cats treated in G2 presented 77% more risk of reaching a clinical cure (a positive effect) than those treated in G1, even when controlled by negative predictors. The survival curves of the two treatment protocols indicate that a clinical cure was achieved faster in G2. An increase in the KI dose was necessary in 28 cats due to the persistence of clinical signs. Adverse reactions were equally frequent in both groups and manageable with a temporary drug suspension and/or a hepatoprotective therapy. The combination therapy was associated with a higher cure rate and a shorter treatment time, suggesting that ITZ+KI arises as a better option for treating feline sporotrichosis and should be considered the first-line treatment, especially in the presence of negative predictors.
Funder
Brazilian funding agencies Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico—CNPq Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Programa Jovens Pesquisadores Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento da Pessoal de Nível Superior
Subject
Plant Science,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics,Microbiology (medical)
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