Entomopathogenic Fungi as Dual Control Agents against Two Phytopathogens and the Lepidopteran Pest Rachiplusia nu in Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr)
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Published:2024-01-24
Issue:2
Volume:10
Page:93
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ISSN:2309-608X
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Container-title:Journal of Fungi
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language:en
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Short-container-title:JoF
Author:
Russo María Leticia12, Vianna María Florencia13ORCID, Scorsetti Ana Clara12, Ferreri Natalia12, de Abajo Juan Manuel12, Troncozo María Inés12, Pelizza Sebastián Alberto12
Affiliation:
1. Instituto de Botánica Carlos Spegazzini, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Avenida 122 y 60, La Plata 1900, Argentina 2. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Godoy Cruz 2290, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires 1425, Argentina 3. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CICPBA), Calle 526 e/ 10 y 11, La Plata 1900, Argentina
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max) is one of the most important crops worldwide. This crop is prone to diseases caused by the phytopathogenic fungi Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium oxysporum, and the lepidopteran pest Rachiplusia nu. Biological control using entomopathogenic fungi is a sustainable alternative to chemical pesticides. In this study, we assessed the antifungal activity of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae against phytopathogens and the pathogenicity of B. bassiana as an endophyte against R. nu. The antagonic activity of the fungal entomopathogens was evaluated in vitro by dual culture bioassays. The feeding preference of R. nu was evaluated in a “free choice” assay under laboratory conditions. Entomopathogenic fungi inhibited the mycelial growth of the phytopathogens. The best response in all cases was observed when the antagonists were placed in the culture medium two days before the pathogens. B. bassiana was the best antagonist of F. oxysporum, while both antagonists had similar inhibitory effects on M. phaseolina growth. Additionally, B. bassiana, when grown as an endophyte, reduced insects’ food preferences and decreased soybean consumption. Findings suggest that entomopathogenic fungi can fulfill multiple roles in the ecosystem. Therefore, the simultaneous expression of both properties should be considered for their application in integrated pest management programs.
Funder
Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica Universidad Nacional de La Plata
Subject
Plant Science,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics,Microbiology (medical)
Reference59 articles.
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