Integration of Pre-Treatment with UF/RO Membrane Process for Waste Water Recovery and Reuse in Agro-Based Pulp and Paper Industry

Author:

Dagar Sumit1ORCID,Singh Santosh1,Gupta Manoj2

Affiliation:

1. Department of Environmental Engineering, Delhi Technological University, New Delhi 110042, India

2. Environmental Management Division, Central Pulp and Paper Research Institute, Saharanpur 247001, India

Abstract

This recent study aims to evaluate the efficacy of membrane filtration on recovery of water resource from agro-waste such as bagasse, crop-based pulp and paper mill waste. A mini pilot scale membrane system having a combination of pre-treatment filter unit (pre-filter, sediment filter and pre-carbon filter), ultra-filtration and reverse osmosis with spiral wound configuration were employed to evaluate the water reuse efficacy of effluent coming from the secondary clarifier of the conventional treatment plant of the mill. The operational conditions were optimized using Taguchi method at pH 8, temperature 32 °C, and pressure 2 bar and a flow rate of 60 l/hr. The qualities of the effluent from the secondary clarifier, and the permeate from both the combination, viz. Combination 1 (pre-treatment + ultra-filtration) and Combination 2 (pre-treatment + ultra-filtration+ reverse osmosis) were analyzed and the percentage reduction in pH, TDS, TSS, BOD, COD, Color, Lignin, Potassium and Sodium were calculated. The elimination of TDS, COD and BOD with Combination 1 was not promising (<22%). However, the installation of a RO membrane greatly reduced (>88%) the contaminants in both paper mill effluents. The obtained qualities of water from all the combinations were compared with the tolerance standard for reuse as process water. The quality of effluent from the secondary clarifier did not agree with any class of water quality. The permeate from the combination of pre-treatment and UF sufficiently reduced the TSS to reach the requirement. However, the combination of (pre-treatment + UF + RO) adequately complied with the quality standard required for reuse in the making of all grades of paper.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Filtration and Separation,Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous),Process Chemistry and Technology

Reference25 articles.

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3. Government of India (2010). Infrastructural Statisctics-2010, A Report by Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India.

4. Applicability of Microbial Xylanases in Paper and Pulp Bleaching: A Review;Gangwar;Bioresources,2014

5. Roy, T.K. (2007, January 14). Overview of Indian Paper Industry. Proceedings of the Workshop on Adoption of Energy Efficient Process Technologies and Energy Management Practices in Pulp and Paper Sector under Energy Conservation Act, Saharanpur, India.

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