Separation of Chromium (VI), Copper and Zinc: Chemistry of Transport of Metal Ions across Supported Liquid Membrane

Abstract

Prior to applying supported liquid membranes (SLM) with strip dispersion for separation of chromium (VI), copper and zinc, suitable chemical settings were determined through solvent extraction and stripping studies. More than 90% of copper and zinc could be simultaneously extracted with at least 3% (v/v) di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) at a feed equilibrium pH in the range of 3.5–5.0. For stripping, theoretical model equations derived and experimental results revealed that suitable concentrations of lower acid strength reagents can strip metals that have weaker metal-extractant bond without significantly stripping metals that have a stronger metal-extractant bond. Therefore, in a setup comprising three compartments separated by two SLM, we propose to fill the three compartments in the following order: feed—strip dispersion containing low acid strength reagent—strong acid. An organic phase with 4% (v/v) D2EHPA was used. From stripping experiments, 0.2 mol/L pH 3 citrate buffer, which resulted in the highest copper recovery (88.8%) and solution purity (99.0%), was employed as the low acid strength reagent while the strong acid consisted of 1 mol/L sulfuric acid. In 26 h, 99.1% copper was recovered by citrate buffer with 99.8% purity and 95.1% zinc was recovered by sulfuric acid with 98.4% purity. Chromium (VI), copper and zinc could be separated effectively using this separation strategy.