Harnessing Activated Hydrochars: A Novel Approach for Pharmaceutical Contaminant Removal

Author:

Gautam Manish Kumar1ORCID,Mondal Tamal2ORCID,Nath Rupashri3,Mahajon Bidhan4ORCID,Chincholikar Mukesh4,Bose Anirbandeep5,Das Dibya6,Das Rakesh5,Mondal Sandip5

Affiliation:

1. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam Down Town University, Sankar Madhab Path, Gandhi Nagar, Panikhaiti, Guwahati 781026, Assam, India

2. Department of Botany, Hiralal Mazumdar Memorial College for Women, Dakshineswar, Kolkata 700035, West Bengal, India

3. Department of Roganidana and Vikriti Vigyana, All India Institute of Ayurveda, New Delhi 110076, Delhi, India

4. Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, Janakpuri, New Delhi 110058, Delhi, India

5. Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Adamas University, Kolkata 700126, West Bengal, India

6. Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, JIS University, Kolkata 700109, West Bengal, India

Abstract

Water contamination is a pervasive global crisis, affecting over 2 billion people worldwide, with pharmaceutical contaminants emerging as a significant concern due to their persistence and mobility in aquatic ecosystems. This review explores the potential of activated hydrochars, sustainable materials produced through biomass pyrolysis, to revolutionize the removal of pharmaceutical contaminants from water sources. These materials possess high surface area, porous structure, and exceptional adsorption capabilities, making them a promising solution. The impact of pharmaceutical contaminants on aquatic ecosystems and human health is far-reaching, affecting biodiversity, water quality, and public health. To address this complex issue, a diverse range of techniques, including adsorption, biodegradation, and advanced oxidation processes, are employed in the pharmaceutical industry. Activated hydrochars offer substantial adsorption capacity, sustainable feedstock origins, and a minimal carbon footprint. This review highlights their potential in pharmaceutical contaminant removal and their broader applications in improving soil and air quality, resource recovery, and sustainable waste management. Interdisciplinary collaboration and the development of intelligent treatment systems are essential to fully unlock the potential of activated hydrochars. Regulatory support and policy frameworks will facilitate their responsible and widespread application, promising a cleaner and more sustainable future. This paper aims to inform scientists, environmental experts, policymakers, and industry stakeholders about the promising role of activated hydrochars in addressing pharmaceutical contaminant challenges.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Medicine

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