Photocatalytic Activity of Metal- and Non-Metal-Anchored ZnO and TiO2 Nanocatalysts for Advanced Photocatalysis: Comparative Study

Author:

AlMohamadi Hamad12,Awad Sameer A.3ORCID,Sharma Ashwani Kumar4,Fayzullaev Normurot5,Távara-Aponte Arístides6ORCID,Chiguala-Contreras Lincoln7ORCID,Amari Abdelfattah8ORCID,Rodriguez-Benites Carlos9ORCID,Tahoon Mohamed A.1011ORCID,Esmaeili Hossein12

Affiliation:

1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah 42351, Saudi Arabia

2. Sustainability Research Center, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah 42351, Saudi Arabia

3. Department of Medical Laboratories Techniques, Al-Maarif University College, Ramadi 31001, Iraq

4. Department of Applied Sciences, Chandigarh Engineering College, Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Jhanjeri, Mohali 140307, Punjab, India

5. Department of Polymer Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Samarkand State University, Samarkand 140101, Uzbekistan

6. Departamento Académico de Física, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo 13011, Peru

7. Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica Eléctrica, Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva, Tingo María 10131, Peru

8. Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61411, Saudi Arabia

9. Dirección de Investigación, Centro de Investigación de la Creatividad, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de América Latina, Av. La Molina 3755, Lima 15026, Peru

10. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia

11. Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt

12. Department of Chemical Engineering, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr 7515895496, Iran

Abstract

This review article provides useful information on TiO2 and ZnO photocatalysts and their derivatives in removing organic contaminants such as dyes, hydrocarbons, pesticides, etc. Also, the reaction mechanisms of TiO2 and ZnO photocatalysts and their derivatives were investigated. In addition, the impact of adding metallic (e.g., Ag, Co, Pt, Pd, Cu, Au, and Ni) and non-metallic (e.g., C, N, O, and S) cocatalysts to their structure on the photodegradation efficiency of organic compounds was thoroughly studied. Moreover, the advantages and disadvantages of various synthesis procedures of ZnO and TiO2 nanocatalysts were discussed and compared. Furthermore, the impact of photocatalyst dosage, photocatalyst structure, contaminant concentration, pH, light intensity and wavelength, temperature, and reaction time on the photodegradation efficiency were studied. According to previous studies, adding metallic and non-metallic cocatalysts to the TiO2 and ZnO structure led to a remarkable enhancement in their stability and reusability. In addition, metallic and non-metallic cocatalysts attached to TiO2 and ZnO demonstrated remarkable photocatalytic efficiency in removing organic contaminants.

Funder

Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University

Publisher

MDPI AG

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