La-Modified SBA-15 Prepared by Direct Synthesis: Importance of Determining Actual Composition

Author:

Morales Hernández Gloribel1,Escobar José2ORCID,Pacheco Sosa José G.1ORCID,Guzmán Cruz Mario A.3ORCID,Torres Torres José G.1ORCID,del Ángel Vicente Paz2,Barrera María C.4ORCID,Santolalla Vargas Carlos E.5,Pérez Vidal Hermicenda1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. División Académica de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, km. 1 Car. Cunduacán-Jalpa de Méndez, Col. La Esmeralda, Cunduacán 86690, Tabasco, Mexico

2. Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas Norte 152, San Bartolo Atepehuacan, G. A. Madero 07730, Cd. de México, Mexico

3. División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Carr. Estatal Libre Villahermosa-Comalcalco km. 27000 s/n Ranchería Ribera Alta, Jalpa de Méndez 86205, Tabasco, Mexico

4. Centro de Investigación en Recursos Energéticos y Sustentables, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Campus Coatzacoalcos, Av. Universidad km. 7.5, Col. Santa Isabel, Coatzacoalcos 96538, Veracruz, Mexico

5. Departamento de Biociencias e Ingeniería, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD), Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 30 de Junio de 1520 s/n, La Laguna Ticomán, G. A. Madero 07340, Cd. de México, Mexico

Abstract

Lanthanum (La) integration (at various nominal contents) in SBA-15 prepared under acidic medium was intended from corresponding direct nitrate addition during mesoporous silica formation. Materials were impregnated with Pt (1.5 wt%) and studied through several textural (N2 physisorption), structural (XRD, TG-DTG), and surface (FTIR, STEM-HAADF, SEM-EDS, NH3, and CO2 TPD) instrumental techniques. Pt-impregnated solids were tested in phenol hydrodeoxygenation (HDO, T = 250 °C, 3.2 MPa, batch reactor, n-decane as solvent). Catalytic activity (in pseudo-first-order kinetic constant, kHDO basis) was not directly related to Pt dispersion, which was not determined by nominal rare earth content. Determining the actual composition of modified SBA-15 materials is crucial in reaching sound conclusions regarding their physicochemical properties, especially when La modifier is directly added during mesoporous matrix formation, where efficient interaction among constituents could be difficult to get. Otherwise, results from some characterization techniques (N2 physisorption and FTIR, for instance) could be misleading and even contradictory. Indeed, extant modifier precursors, when under SBA-15 synthesis conditions, could affect the properties of prepared materials even though they were absent in obtained formulations. Performing simple compositional analysis could eliminate uncertainties regarding the role of various modifiers on characteristics of final catalysts. However, several groups have failed in doing so.

Funder

UJAT-DACB

Publisher

MDPI AG

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