Ketogenic Diet Affects Sleep Architecture in C57BL/6J Wild Type and Fragile X Mice
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Published:2023-09-22
Issue:19
Volume:24
Page:14460
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ISSN:1422-0067
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Container-title:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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language:en
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Short-container-title:IJMS
Author:
Westmark Pamela R.1,
Gholston Aaron K.12,
Swietlik Timothy J.1,
Maganti Rama K.1,
Westmark Cara J.12ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
2. Molecular Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
Abstract
Nearly half of children with fragile X syndrome experience sleep problems including trouble falling asleep and frequent nighttime awakenings. The goals here were to assess sleep–wake cycles in mice in response to Fmr1 genotype and a dietary intervention that reduces hyperactivity. Electroencephalography (EEG) results were compared with published rest–activity patterns to determine if actigraphy is a viable surrogate for sleep EEG. Specifically, sleep–wake patterns in adult wild type and Fmr1KO littermate mice were recorded after EEG electrode implantation and the recordings manually scored for vigilance states. The data indicated that Fmr1KO mice exhibited sleep–wake patterns similar to wild type littermates when maintained on a control purified ingredient diet. Treatment with a high-fat, low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet increased the percentage of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep in both wild type and Fmr1KO mice during the dark cycle, which corresponded to decreased activity levels. Treatment with a ketogenic diet flattened diurnal sleep periodicity in both wild type and Fmr1KO mice. Differences in several sleep microstructure outcomes (number and length of sleep and wake bouts) supported the altered sleep states in response to a ketogenic diet and were correlated with altered rest–activity cycles. While actigraphy may be a less expensive, reduced labor surrogate for sleep EEG during the dark cycle, daytime resting in mice did not correlate with EEG sleep states.
Funder
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
University of Wisconsin-Madison Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center
University of Wisconsin Molecular Environmental Toxicology Training
University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Neurology start-up funds
Fraxa Research Foundation
Subject
Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis
Cited by
1 articles.
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