Cattaneo–Christov Heat Flux Model for Three-Dimensional Rotating Flow of SWCNT and MWCNT Nanofluid with Darcy–Forchheimer Porous Medium Induced by a Linearly Stretchable Surface

Abstract

In this paper we investigated the 3-D Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) rotational nanofluid flow through a stretching surface. Carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs and MWCNTs) were used as nano-sized constituents, and water was used as a base fluid. The Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model was used for heat transport phenomenon. This arrangement had remarkable visual and electronic properties, such as strong elasticity, high updraft stability, and natural durability. The heat interchanging phenomenon was affected by updraft emission. The effects of nanoparticles such as Brownian motion and thermophoresis were also included in the study. By considering the conservation of mass, motion quantity, heat transfer, and nanoparticles concentration the whole phenomenon was modeled. The modeled equations were highly non-linear and were solved using homotopy analysis method (HAM). The effects of different parameters are described in tables and their impact on different state variables are displayed in graphs. Physical quantities like Sherwood number, Nusselt number, and skin friction are presented through tables with the variations of different physical parameters.