The Protective Effect of the Crosstalk between Zinc Hair Concentration and Lymphocyte Count—Preliminary Report

Author:

Urbanowicz Tomasz1ORCID,Hanć Anetta2,Tomczak Jolanta3,Michalak Michał4ORCID,Olasińska-Wiśniewska Anna1ORCID,Rzesoś Patrycja5ORCID,Szot Mateusz5,Filipiak Krzysztof J.67ORCID,Krasińska Beata7ORCID,Krasiński Zbigniew3,Tykarski Andrzej7,Jemielity Marek1

Affiliation:

1. Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Dluga 1/2, 61-848 Poznan, Poland

2. Department of Trace Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland

3. Department of Vascular, Endovascular Surgery, Angiology and Phlebology, Poznan University of Medical Science, Dluga 1/2, 61-848 Poznan, Poland

4. Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 7, 60-806 Poznan, Poland

5. Faculty of Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland

6. Institute of Clinical Science, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Medical Academy, 00-136 Warsaw, Poland

7. Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Dluga 1/2, 61-848 Poznan, Poland

Abstract

Background: An imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory mechanisms is indicated in the pathophysiology of atherosclerotic plaque. The coronary artery and carotid disease, despite sharing similar risk factors, are developed separately. The aim of this study was to analyze possible mechanisms between trace element hair–scalp concentrations and whole blood counts that favor atherosclerotic plaque progression in certain locations. Methods: There were 65 (36 (55%) males and 29 (45%) females) patients with a median age of 68 (61–73) years enrolled in a prospective, preliminary, multicenter analysis. The study group was composed of 13 patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD group) referred for surgical revascularization due to multivessel coronary disease, 34 patients with carotid artery disease (carotid group) admitted for vascular procedure, and 18 patients in a control group (control group). Results: There was a significant difference between the CAD and carotid groups regarding lymphocyte (p = 0.004) counts. The biochemical comparison between the coronary and carotid groups revealed significant differences regarding chromium (Cr) (p = 0.002), copper (Cu) (p < 0.001), and zinc (Zn) (p < 0.001) concentrations. Spearman Rank Order Correlations between lymphocyte counts and trace elements in the analyzed groups were performed, revealing a strong correlation with zinc (R = 0.733, p < 0.001) in the control group (non-CAD, non-carotid). Conclusion: Significant differences in hair–scalp concentrations related to atherosclerosis location were observed in our analysis. The interplay between zinc concentration and lymphocyte count may play a pivotal role in cardiovascular disease development.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Reference37 articles.

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