Structure from Motion Photogrammetry as an Effective Nondestructive Technique to Monitor Morphological Plasticity in Benthic Organisms: The Case Study of Sarcotragus foetidus Schmidt, 1862 (Porifera, Demospongiae) in the Portofino MPA
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Published:2024-03-08
Issue:3
Volume:16
Page:175
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ISSN:1424-2818
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Container-title:Diversity
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Diversity
Author:
Pulido Mantas Torcuato12ORCID, Roveta Camilla12ORCID, Calcinai Barbara12ORCID, Benelli Fabio1, Coppari Martina12, Di Camillo Cristina Gioia12ORCID, Pantaleo Ubaldo3, Puce Stefania1, Cerrano Carlo1245ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche s.n.c., 60131 Ancona, Italy 2. National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Piazza Marina 61, 90133 Palermo, Italy 3. Underwater Bio-Cartography (UBICA) S.r.l., Via San Siro 6, 16124 Genova, Italy 4. Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Francesco Caracciolo, 80122 Naples, Italy 5. Fano Marine Center, Viale Adriatico 1, 61032 Fano, Italy
Abstract
Porifera are essential components of marine ecosystems, providing valuable ecological functions. Traditional approaches to estimating sponge growth and biomass are destructive and often not suitable for certain morphologies. The implementation of new innovative techniques and nondestructive methodologies have allowed for a more sustainable approach. In this study, a population of Sarcotragus foetidus Schmidt, 1982 (Demospongiae, Dictyoceratida, Irciinidae), thriving inside the Portofino Marine Protected Area, was monitored using Structure from Motion photogrammetry over a period of 6 years, from September 2017 to October 2023. Of the 20 initial individuals, only 12 were still in place during the last monitoring, indicating 40% mortality. Through photogrammetry, the overall volume change and biomass production were estimated to be 9.24 ± 5.47% year−1 and 29.52 ± 27.93 g DW year−1, respectively, indicating a general decreasing trend between 2021 and 2023. Signs of necrosis were observed in some individuals, potentially related to the high temperature occurring during summer 2022 and 2023. Considering the current climate crisis, long-term monitoring efforts must be made to better understand the dynamics of this species, and photogrammetry has the potential to be a versatile monitoring tool that will contribute to the standardization of methodologies for sponge growth studies.
Funder
European Union Interreg Med MPA Engage “Engaging Mediterranean key actors in Ecosystem Approach
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