Hematological- and Immunological-Related Biomarkers to Characterize Patients with COVID-19 from Other Viral Respiratory Diseases

Author:

Suárez-Del-Villar-Carrero Rafael,Martinez-Urbistondo DiegoORCID,Cuevas-Sierra Amanda,Ibañez-Sustacha Iciar,Candela-Fernandez Alberto,Dominguez-Calvo Andrea,Ramos-Lopez OmarORCID,Vargas Juan AntonioORCID,Reglero GuillermoORCID,Villares-Fernandez Paula,Martinez Jose Alfredo

Abstract

COVID-19 has overloaded health system worldwide; thus, it demanded a triage method for an efficient and early discrimination of patients with COVID-19. The objective of this research was to perform a model based on commonly requested hematological variables for an early featuring of patients with COVID-19 form other viral pneumonia. This investigation enrolled 951 patients (mean of age 68 and 56% of male) who underwent a PCR test for respiratory viruses between January 2019 and January 2020, and those who underwent a PCR test for detection of SARS-CoV-2 between February 2020 and October 2020. A comparative analysis of the population according to PCR tests and logistic regression model was performed. A total of 10 variables were found for the characterization of COVID-19: age, sex, anemia, immunosuppression, C-reactive protein, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiorespiratory disease, metastasis, leukocytes and monocytes. The ROC curve revealed a sensitivity and specificity of 75%. A deep analysis showed low levels of leukocytes in COVID-19-positive patients, which could be used as a primary outcome of COVID-19 detection. In conclusion, this investigation found that commonly requested laboratory variables are able to help physicians to distinguish COVID-19 and perform a quick stratification of patients into different prognostic categories.

Funder

European Union

EU-REACT

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Medicine

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