1. Energies and Materials Research Laboratory, University of Tamanghasset, Tamanghasset 11001, Algeria
2. Geomaterial Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Blida 1, Blida 09000, Algeria
3. Laboratoire de Mécanique et Matériaux du Génie Civil Laboratory, CY Cergy-Paris University, F9500 Cergy Pontoise, 95031 Neuville-sur-Oise, France
4. Faculty of Engineering, Beirut Arab University, Beirut P.O. Box 11 5020, Lebanon