Resistance Training Causes the Stretch-Induced Force Deficit—A Randomized Cross-Over Study

Author:

Warneke Konstantin12,Turau Katharina3,Lohmann Lars Hubertus45,Hillebrecht Martin4,Behm David G.6ORCID,Konrad Andreas1ORCID,Schmidt Tobias3ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Human Movement Science and Exercise, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria

2. Institute of Sport Science, Alpen-Adria University Klagenfurt, 9020 Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, Austria

3. Institute of Interdisciplinary Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, 20457 Hamburg, Germany

4. University Sport Center, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany

5. Institute of Human Movement Science and Exercise Physiology, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany

6. School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, P.O. Box 4200, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada

Abstract

Purpose: Stretch-induced force deficit suggests an acute stretch-specific strength capacity loss, which is commonly attributed to EMG reductions. Since those deficits could also be attributed to general fatigue induced by overloading the muscle, this study aimed to compare stretching with an exhausting calf raise programme to compare strength and stretching responses. Method: This study included 16 participants with different, high-duration calf muscle stretching effects (10, 20, 30 min of stretching) with resistance training (RT) (3 × 12 repetitions) performed until muscle failure, by using a cross-over study design with pre-post comparisons. Strength was tested via isometric plantar flexor diagnostics, while flexibility was assessed using the knee-to-wall test (KtW) and an isolated goniometer test. Results: Using a three-way ANOVA, RT strength decreases were greater compared to 10 and 20 min of stretching (p = 0.01–0.02), but similar to those of 30 min of stretching. ROM in the KtW showed no specific stretch-induced increases, while only the stretching conditions enhanced isolated tested ROM (p < 0.001–0.008). No RT-related isolated ROM increases were observed. Conclusions: The results showed both interventions had similar effects on strength and ROM in the calf muscles. More holistic explanatory approaches such as fatigue and warm-up are discussed in the manuscript and call for further research.

Publisher

MDPI AG

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