Dietary Selenium-Rich Lactobacillus plantarum Alleviates Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Bulatmai barbel Luciobarbus capito

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) poses a great threat to the breeding of aquatic economic animals. The present study aimed to explain the antagonistic effects of selenium-enriched Lactobacillus plantarum (SL) on Cd toxicity through the expression of oxidative and inflammatory factors. A total of 225 Bulatmai barbel Luciobarbus capito (L. capito) were divided into 3 groups, namely, the control group, the Cd group (Cd, 0.05 mg·L−1), and the SL + Cd group (Cd, 0.05 mg·L−1; Nano Se, 5 mg·kg−1; L. plantarum, 105 CFU·g−1). The experiment lasted for 28 d, Sampling at 14 and 28 d, respectively. The results showed that Cd exposure caused obvious pathological damage to the liver and kidney, and the serum parameter ALT increased significantly (p < 0.05). In the Cd group, the concentration of Cd in the kidney was significantly increased (p < 0.05), and the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the kidney and gill were significantly decreased; malonaldehyde (MDA) increased significantly (p < 0.05) Then the mRNA expression levels in the kidney and liver were measured. Cd exposure significantly decreased the mRNA expressions of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, HO-1, I-κBα, and Nrf2 (p < 0.05). The Cd-treated group showed significantly increased NF-kBp65, TGF-β, IL-8, IL-1, Keap1, and TNF-α expression levels. SL significantly alleviated the changes in the above indicators. The results of this study suggest that SL can trigger the Nrf2 signalling pathway and NF-kB signalling pathway to alleviate Cd toxicity. SL might be a potential drug for the treatment of Cd poisoning.