Simulating the Effects of Temperature and Food Availability on True Soles (Solea spp.) Early-Life History Traits: A Tool for Understanding Fish Recruitment in Future Climate Change Scenarios

Author:

Sardi Adriana E.1ORCID,Moreira José M.2ORCID,Omingo Lisa3ORCID,Cousin Xavier4ORCID,Bégout Marie-Laure4ORCID,Manchado Manuel3ORCID,Marn Nina56ORCID

Affiliation:

1. EPOC-LPTC, UMR 5805, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, 33400 Talence, France

2. MARETEC—Marine, Environment and Technology Center, LARSyS, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco País 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal

3. IFAPA Centro El Toruño, Junta de Andalucía, Camino Tiro Pichón s/n, 11500 El Puerto de Santa Maria, Spain

4. MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, INRAE, 34250 Palavas-Les-Flots, France

5. Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Bijenicka Cesta 54, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia

6. School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia

Abstract

Research on recruitment variability has gained momentum in the last years, undoubtedly due to the many unknowns related to climate change impacts. Knowledge about recruitment—the process of small, young fish transitioning to an older, larger life stage—timing and success is especially important for commercial fish species, as it allows predicting the availability of fish and adapting fishing practices for its sustainable exploitation. Predicting tools for determining the combined effect of temperature rise and food quality and quantity reduction (two expected outcomes of climate change) on early-life history traits of fish larvae are valuable for anticipating and adjusting fishing pressure and policy. Here we use a previously published and validated dynamic energy budget (DEB) model for the common sole (Solea solea) and adapt and use the same DEB model for the Senegalese sole (S. senegalensis) to predict the effects of temperature and food availability on Solea spp. early life-history traits. We create seven simulation scenarios, recreating RCP 4.5 and 8.5 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) scenarios and including a reduction in food availability. Our results show that temperature and food availability both affect the age at metamorphosis, which is advanced in all scenarios that include a temperature rise and delayed when food is limited. Age at puberty was also affected by the temperature increase but portrayed a more complex response that is dependent on the spawning (batch) period. We discuss the implications of our results in a climate change context.

Funder

the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology

the Croatian Science Foundation

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Ecology,Aquatic Science,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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