Water Cleaning by a Continuous Fixed-Bed Column for Cr(VI) Eco-Adsorption with Green Adsorbent-Based Biomass: An Experimental Modeling Study

Author:

Kebir Mohammed12ORCID,Tahraoui Hichem3ORCID,Chabani Malika2ORCID,Trari Mohamed4,Noureddine Nasrallah2,Assadi Aymen Amin5ORCID,Amrane Abdeltif5ORCID,Ben Hamadi Naoufel6ORCID,Khezami Lotfi6ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Research Unit on Analysis and Technological Development in Environment (UR-ADTE/CRAPC), BP 384 Bou-Ismail, Tipaza 42000, Algeria

2. Laboratory of Reaction Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Process Engineering (USTHB), BP 32, Algiers 16111, Algeria

3. Laboratoire de Biomatériaux et Phénomènes de Transports (LBMPT), Université Yahia Fares de Médéa Pôle Urbain, Médéa 26000, Algeria

4. Laboratory of Storage and Valorization of Renewable Energies, Faculty of Chemistry (USTHB), BP 32, Algiers 16111, Algeria

5. Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)–UMR 6226, Univ Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France

6. Department of Chemistry, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMISIU), P.O. Box 5701, Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

In this study, chromate adsorption onto red peanut skin (RPS) was investigated in a fixed-bed column; FTIR, PZC, SEM, DLS, and BET were used to evaluate its adsorption properties. The experiments were conducted to determine the effect of physical parameters, including the inlet initial Cr(VI) concentration (100–500 mg L−1), bed height (10–20 cm), and feed flow rate (13.59–23.45 mL min−1). They were carried out to predict breakthrough curves. The adsorption capacity coefficients were determined using the most widely used Bohart–Adams model. It was tested to fit experimental data, for a better understand the dynamic behavior, and for further optimize column performance. It was found that the Cr(VI) uptake decreases when increasing the flow rate and that high chromate concentration and bed height consequently increase the column’s life span. A high column adsorption capacity can be achieved with a higher Cr(VI) concentration due to the higher driving force. The results indicated that the Bohart–Adams model provides a good description (R2 > 0.98) of the experimental data of the Cr(VI)’s removal from the aqueous solution on the RPS suggesting that the surface diffusion is the rate-limiting step in the continues adsorption process.. Breakthrough adsorption capacity is crucial for comparing RPS with other similar materials. Indeed, possible mechanisms have been suggested for illustrating adsorption onto RPS. The obtained results showed significant potential of 26.23 mg g−1 of RPS on Cr(VI) elimination at a natural pH of 5.35. Furthermore, this global investigation allowed for the design of a promising low-cost material for the future scale-up of cleaning wastewater polluted by metal and determine the properly conditions for operating column adsorption. This material provides an economical, efficient means of eliminating pollutants, thus meeting the main aims of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs).

Funder

Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU): Research Partnership Program

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Process Chemistry and Technology,Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous),Bioengineering

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