Emergence of Antibiotic-Resistant Porphyromonas gingivalis in United States Periodontitis Patients
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Published:2023-11-02
Issue:11
Volume:12
Page:1584
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ISSN:2079-6382
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Container-title:Antibiotics
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Antibiotics
Author:
Rams Thomas E.1, Sautter Jacqueline D.1, van Winkelhoff Arie J.2
Affiliation:
1. Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Temple University School of Dentistry, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA 2. Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance patterns of the major human periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis were assessed over a 20-year period in the United States. Subgingival P. gingivalis was cultured pre-treatment from 2193 severe periodontitis patients during three time periods: 1999–2000 (936 patients), 2009–2010 (685 patients), and 2019–2020 (572 patients). The clinical isolates were tested for in vitro resistance to 4 mg/L for clindamycin and doxycycline, 8 mg/L for amoxicillin, and 16 mg/L for metronidazole, with a post hoc combination of data for metronidazole plus amoxicillin. Clindamycin-resistant P. gingivalis was significantly more prevalent in 2009–2010 (9.1% of patients) and 2019–2020 (9.3%; 15-fold increase) as compared to 1999–2000 (0.6%). P. gingivalis resistance to amoxicillin also significantly increased from 0.1% of patients in 1999–2000 to 1.3% in 2009–2010 and 2.8% (28-fold increase) in 2019–2020. P. gingivalis resistance to metronidazole, metronidazole plus amoxicillin, and doxycycline was low (≤0.5% prevalence), and statistically unchanged, over the 20-year period. These findings are the first to reveal marked increases over 20 years in clindamycin-resistant and amoxicillin-resistant P. gingivalis in United States periodontitis patients. Increased antibiotic resistance of P. gingivalis and other periodontitis-associated bacteria threatens the efficacy of periodontal antimicrobial chemotherapy.
Subject
Pharmacology (medical),Infectious Diseases,Microbiology (medical),General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics,Biochemistry,Microbiology
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