Epidemiological Characteristics and Antimicrobial Resistance Changes of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii under the COVID-19 Outbreak: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis in a Large Teaching Hospital
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Published:2023-02-22
Issue:3
Volume:12
Page:431
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ISSN:2079-6382
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Container-title:Antibiotics
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Antibiotics
Author:
Yang Xinyi1, Liu Xu2ORCID, Li Weibin1ORCID, Shi Lin1, Zeng Yingchao1, Xia Haohai1, Huang Qixian1, Li Jia3, Li Xiaojie4, Hu Bo4ORCID, Yang Lianping1ORCID
Affiliation:
1. School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China 2. Department of Infectious Disease, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China 3. Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China 4. Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
Abstract
Background: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and resistance changes of carbapenem-resistant organisms (CROs) under the COVID-19 outbreak to provide evidence for precise prevention and control measures against hospital-acquired infections during the pandemic. Methods: The distribution characteristics of CROs (i.e., carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii) were analyzed by collecting the results of the antibiotic susceptibility tests of diagnostic isolates from all patients. Using interrupted time series analysis, we applied Poisson and linear segmented regression models to evaluate the effects of COVID-19 on the numbers and drug resistance of CROs. We also conducted a stratified analysis using the Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel test. Results: The resistance rate of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) was 38.73% higher after the COVID-19 outbreak compared with before (p < 0.05). In addition, the long-term effect indicated that the prevalence of CRAB had a decreasing trend (p < 0.05). However, the overall resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae did not significantly change after the COVID-19 outbreak. Stratified analysis revealed that the carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) rate increased in females (OR = 1.98, p < 0.05), those over 65 years old (OR = 1.49, p < 0.05), those with sputum samples (OR = 1.40, p < 0.05), and those in the neurology group (OR = 2.14, p < 0.05). Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the change in nosocomial infections and resistance rates in CROs, highlighting the need for hospitals to closely monitor CROs, especially in high-risk populations and clinical departments. It is possible that lower adherence to infection control in crowded wards and staffing shortages may have contributed to this trend during the COVID-19 pandemic, which warrants further research.
Funder
the National Natural Science Foundation of China China Medical Board Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation
Subject
Pharmacology (medical),Infectious Diseases,Microbiology (medical),General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics,Biochemistry,Microbiology
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