Knowledge, Perceptions, and Perspectives of Medical Students Regarding the Use of Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance: A Qualitative Research in Galicia, Spain

Author:

Vázquez-Lago Juan M.12ORCID,Montes-Villalba Rodrigo A.3,Vázquez-Cancela Olalla1,Otero-Santiago María1,López-Durán Ana4ORCID,Figueiras Adolfo256ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Service of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Clinic Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain

2. Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain

3. Service of Admission and Clinical Documentation, Clinic Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain

4. Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain

5. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain

6. Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública—CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance is a significant public health concern, with numerous studies linking antibiotic consumption to the development of resistance. As medical students will play a pivotal role in prescribing antibiotics, this research aimed to identify their perceptions of current use and factors that could influence future inappropriate use of antibiotics. The study employed a qualitative research approach using Focus Group discussions (FGs) consisting of students from the final theoretical course of the Medicine degree. The FGs were conducted based on a pre-script developed from factors contributing to antibiotic misuse identified in previous studies. All sessions were recorded and transcribed for analysis by two independent researchers, with all participants signing informed consent. Seven focus groups were conducted, with a total of 35 participants. The study identified factors that could influence the future prescription of antibiotics, including the low applicability of knowledge, insecurity, clinical inertia, difficulties in the doctor-patient relationship, unawareness of available updates on the topic, and inability to assess their validity. The students did not perceive antibiotic resistance as a current problem. However, the study found several modifiable factors in medical students that could explain the misuse of antibiotics, and developing specific strategies could help improve their use.

Funder

Instituto de Salud Carlos III

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Pharmacology (medical),Infectious Diseases,Microbiology (medical),General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics,Biochemistry,Microbiology

Reference37 articles.

1. World Health Organization (2023, February 10). Fact Sheets: Antimicrobial Resistance. Available online: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/antimicrobial-resistance.

2. The global threat of antimicrobial resistance: Science for intervention;Roca;New Microbes New Infect.,2015

3. Antimicrobial resistance: A global emerging threat to public health systems;Ferri;Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr.,2017

4. European Center for Disease Prevention and Control (2023, February 28). Rapid Risk Assessment: Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae—Second Update. Available online: https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/sites/default/files/documents/carbapenem-resistant-enterobacteriaceae-risk-assessment-rev-2.pdf.

5. Evaluation of an OPEN Stewardship generated feedback intervention to improve antibiotic prescribing among primary care veterinarians in Ontario, Canada and Israel: Protocol for evaluating usability and an interrupted time-series analysis;Acharya;BMJ Open,2021

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