Multiple Nucleocapsid Structural Forms of Shrimp White Spot Syndrome Virus Suggests a Novel Viral Morphogenetic Pathway

Author:

Huang Hui-Ju12,Tang Sen-Lin3,Chang Yuan-Chih2ORCID,Wang Hao-Ching456ORCID,Ng Tze Hann478,Garmann Rees F.9,Chen Yu-Wen3,Huang Jiun-Yan4,Kumar Ramya47,Chang Sheng-Hsiung47,Wu Shang-Rung10,Chao Chih-Yu1112,Matoba Kyoko13,Kenji Iwasaki14,Gelbart William M.15,Ko Tzu-Ping2ORCID,Wang Hwei-Jiung (Andrew)25,Lo Chu-Fang47,Chen Li-Li116ORCID,Wang Han-Ching47ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan

2. Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan

3. Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan

4. International Center for the Scientific Development of Shrimp Aquaculture, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan

5. The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 110, Taiwan

6. Graduate Institute of Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan

7. Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan

8. Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore

9. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-1030, USA

10. Institute of Oral Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan

11. Department of Physics and Graduate Institute of Applied Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan

12. Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan

13. Protein Synthesis and Expression, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan

14. Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan

15. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569, USA

16. Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan

Abstract

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is a very large dsDNA virus. The accepted shape of the WSSV virion has been as ellipsoidal, with a tail-like extension. However, due to the scarcity of reliable references, the pathogenesis and morphogenesis of WSSV are not well understood. Here, we used transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and cryogenic electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) to address some knowledge gaps. We concluded that mature WSSV virions with a stout oval-like shape do not have tail-like extensions. Furthermore, there were two distinct ends in WSSV nucleocapsids: a portal cap and a closed base. A C14 symmetric structure of the WSSV nucleocapsid was also proposed, according to our Cryo-EM map. Immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) revealed that VP664 proteins, the main components of the 14 assembly units, form a ring-like architecture. Moreover, WSSV nucleocapsids were also observed to undergo unique helical dissociation. Based on these new results, we propose a novel morphogenetic pathway of WSSV.

Funder

Ministry of Science and Technology

National Science and Technology Council

Ministry of Education

Taiwan Protein Project

Academia Sinica Cryo-EM Center

Academia Sinica Grid Computing Center

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis

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