Gastric Enzyme Supplementation Inhibits Food Allergy in a BALB/c Mouse Model

Abstract

Impaired gastric digestion due to suppressed gastric acidity enhances the risk for food allergy development. In the current study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of a supported gastric digestion via application of a pharmaceutical gastric enzyme solution (GES) on food allergy development and allergic reactions in a BALB/c mouse model. The ability of the GES to restore hypoacidic conditions was tested in mice treated with gastric acid suppression medication. To evaluate the impact on allergic symptoms, mice were orally sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) under gastric acid suppression and subjected to oral challenges with or without GES. The immune response was evaluated by measurement of antibody titers, cytokine levels, mucosal allergy effector cell influx and regulatory T-cell counts. Clinical response was objectified by core body temperature measurements after oral OVA challenge. Supplementation of GES transiently restored physiological pH levels in the stomach after pharmaceutical gastric acid suppression. During oral sensitization, supplementation of gastric enzymes significantly reduced systemic IgE, IgG1 and IgG2a levels and allergic symptoms. In food allergic mice, clinical symptoms were reduced by co-administration of the gastric enzyme solution. Support of gastric digestion efficiently prevents food allergy induction and alleviates clinical symptoms in our food allergy model.