Citric Acid and Magnolol Ameliorate Clostridium perfringens Challenge in Broiler Chickens

Author:

Ding Xieying1,Zhong Xin1,Yang Yunqiao1,Zhang Geyin1,Si Hongbin1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China

Abstract

Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) is a common pathogenic bacterium implicated in the enteric diseases of animals. Each year, the disease is responsible for billions of dollars of losses worldwide. The development of new phytomedicines as alternatives to antibiotics is becoming a new hotspot for treating such diseases. Citric acid (CA) and magnolol (MA) have been shown to have antibacterial, antioxidant, and growth-promoting properties. Here, the bacteriostatic effects of combinations of CA and MA against C. perfringens were investigated, together with their effects on yellow-hair chickens challenged with C. perfringens. It was found that the optimal CA:MA ratio was 50:3, with a dose of 265 μg/mL significantly inhibiting C. perfringens growth, and 530 μg/mL causing significant damage to the bacterial cell morphology. In animal experiments, C. perfringens challenge reduced the growth, damaged the intestinal structure, activated inflammatory signaling, impaired antioxidant capacity, and perturbed the intestinal flora. These effects were alleviated by combined CA–MA treatment. The CA–MA combination was found to inhibit the TLR/Myd88/NF-κB and Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling pathways. In conclusion, the results suggest the potential of combined CA–MA treatment in alleviating C. perfringens challenge by inhibiting the growth of C. perfringens and affecting the TLR/MyD88/NF-κB and Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling pathways.

Funder

Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China

Major R&D Project of Wuming District Nanning China

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Veterinary,Animal Science and Zoology

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