Evaluation and Modelling of the Coastal Geomorphological Changes of Deception Island since the 1970 Eruption and Its Involvement in Research Activity

Author:

Torrecillas Cristina1ORCID,Zarzuelo Carmen2ORCID,de la Fuente Jorge3,Jigena-Antelo Bismarck45ORCID,Prates Gonçalo678ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Departamento Ingeniería Grafica, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Seville, Spain

2. Departamento Ingeniería Aeroespacial y Mecánica de Fluidos, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Seville, Spain

3. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Seville, Spain

4. Departamento de Ciencias y Técnicas de la Navegación y Construcciones Navales, CASEM, Campus de Puerto Real, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain

5. Hydrography Science Research Center, University of Southern Mississippi, NASA Stennis Space Center, MS 39529, USA

6. Instituto Superior de Engenharia, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal

7. Centro de Estudos Geográficos and Associate Laboratory TERRA, Instituto de Geografia e Ordenamento do Território, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-276 Lisboa, Portugal

8. Laboratorio de Astronomía, Geodesia y Cartografía, Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain

Abstract

Deception Island is an active volcano with a submerged caldera open to the sea called Port Foster. Several post-caldera-collapsed volcanic events, as well as hydrodynamics, have changed its inner coastline, shaping new volcanic deposits. A hydrodynamic model is presented to predict accretion and erosion trends in this bay, which could have an impact on the mobility of researchers and tourists. New historical orthophotos and spatio-temporal differences between digital elevation and bathymetric models were used for validation purposes. The model reveals that the south-facing coast is more susceptible to erosion, while the east- or west-facing coast experiences sedimentation. A visual study for the periods 1970–2003 and 2003–2020 in Port Foster obtained similar annual erosion/accretion lineal rates (0.3–2 m/year) in the areas not affected by the last eruptive period, as well as increases of 0.023 km2/year and 0.028 km2/year of the inner bay and coastal sedimentation rates of 0.007 km2/year and 0.002 km2/year, respectively. Only part of the significant total volume loss is received within the bay, including its own erosion, and accumulates on the bay bottom. This is largely because the volume input is composed of snow, and it is also due to the transfer of material outside to balance the figures.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Earth and Planetary Sciences

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