Syzygium aromaticum Bud Extracted Core–Shell Ag–Fe Bimetallic Nanoparticles: Phytotoxic, Antioxidant, Insecticidal, and Antibacterial Properties
Author:
Murtaza Farah1ORCID, Akhter Naseem1ORCID, Qamar Muhammad Azam2ORCID, Yaqoob Asma3, Chaudhary Anis Ahmad4ORCID, Patil Bhagyashree R.5, Khan Salah Ud-Din6ORCID, Ibrahim Nasir Adam4, Basher Nosiba S.4ORCID, Aleissa Mohammed Saad4, Kanwal Iqra1ORCID, Imran Mohd7ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Chemistry, The Government Sadiq College Women’s University Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan 2. Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, Pakistan 3. Institute of Biochemistry Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan 4. Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia 5. Department of Biology, College of Science, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia 6. Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia 7. Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jazan University, P.O. Box 706, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
Abstract
Today, there is the roar of sustainable material development around the globe. Green nanotechnology is one of the extensions of sustainability. Due to its sustainable approach, the green fabrication of nanoparticles has recently surpassed their classical synthesis in popularity. Among metal nanoparticles, contemporary findings have demonstrated that bimetallic nanoparticles possess more potential for different applications than monometallic nanoparticles due to the synergistic effects of the two metals. So, we are presenting facile, one-vessel, and one-step phyto-fabrication of Ag–Fe BMNPs using the bud extract of Syzygiumaromaticum. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-VIS, XRD, EDX, FTIR, and SEM. The synthesized NPs and the extract underwent biological studies. The radical scavenging potential of the NPs and the extract was found to be 64% and 73%, and the insecticidal potential was found to be 80% and 100%, respectively. Similarly, the NPs and the extract both exhibited good antibacterial activity. The zone of inhibition using 100 mg/mL of extract and NPs was found to be 1 cm against all bacterial species, i.e., K. pneumonia, E. coli, and S. aureus. It was 1.5 cm, 1.3 cm, and 1 cm against K. pneumonia, E. coli, and S. aureus, respectively, showing that the antibacterial activity of the extract is higher than that of the NPs. So, this study unlocks the synthesis of Ag–Fe bimetallic nanoparticles using eco-safe, cost-effective, facile, and least-harmful green methodology with potential applications of both NPs and SA extract in medical and agricultural fields, a step towards sustainability.
Funder
Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University
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