Comparative Studies on Carbon Paste Electrode Modified with Electroactive Polyamic Acid and Corresponding Polyimide without/with Attached Sulfonated Group for Electrochemical Sensing of Ascorbic Acid

Abstract

In this study, electroactive poly (amic acid) (EPAA) and corresponding polyimide (EPI) without or with a sulfonated group (i.e., S-EPAA, and S-EPI) were prepared and applied in electrochemical sensing of ascorbic acid (AA). The electroactive polymers (EAPs) containing EPAA/EPI and S-EPAA/S-EPI were synthesized by using an amine-capped aniline trimer (ACAT) and sulfonated amine-capped aniline trimer (S-ACAT) as an electroactive segment that controlled the redox capability and influenced the degree of sensitivity of the EAPs towards AA. Characterization of the as-prepared EAPs was identified by FTIR spectra. The redox capability of the EAPs was investigated by electrochemical cyclic voltammetric studies. It should be noted that the redox capability of the EAPs was found to show the following trend: S-EPAA > S-EPI > EPAA > EPI. For the electrochemical sensing studies, a sensor constructed from an S-EPAA-modified carbon paste electrode (CPE) demonstrated 2-fold, 1.27-fold, and 1.35-fold higher electro-catalytic activity towards the oxidation of AA, compared to those constructed using a bare CPE, S-EPI-, and EPI/EPAA-modified CPE, respectively. The higher redox capability of S-EPAA-modified CPE exhibited a good electrochemical response towards AA at a low oxidative potential, with good stability and selectivity. Moreover, an electrochemical sensor constructed from S-EPAA-modified CPE was found to reveal better selectivity for a tertiary mixture of AA/DA/UA, as compared to that of EPI-modified, EPAA-modified and S-EPI-modified CPE, based on a series of differential pulse voltammograms.