CNT-PUFs: Highly Robust and Heat-Tolerant Carbon-Nanotube-Based Physical Unclonable Functions
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Published:2023-11-11
Issue:22
Volume:13
Page:2930
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ISSN:2079-4991
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Container-title:Nanomaterials
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Nanomaterials
Author:
Frank Florian1ORCID, Böttger Simon23ORCID, Mexis Nico1ORCID, Anagnostopoulos Nikolaos Athanasios1ORCID, Mohamed Ali2, Hartmann Martin23ORCID, Kuhn Harald24ORCID, Helke Christian24ORCID, Arul Tolga15ORCID, Katzenbeisser Stefan2ORCID, Hermann Sascha236ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematics, University of Passau, Innstraße 43, 94032 Passau, Germany 2. Center for Microtechnologies, Chemnitz University of Technology, Reichenhainer Str. 70, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany 3. Center for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany 4. Fraunhofer Institute for Electronic Nano Systems (ENAS), Technologie-Campus 3, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany 5. Computer Science Department, Technical University of Darmstadt, Hochschulstraße 10, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany 6. Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED), 01062 Dresden, Germany
Abstract
In this work, we explored a highly robust and unique Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) based on the stochastic assembly of single-walled Carbon NanoTubes (CNTs) integrated within a wafer-level technology. Our work demonstrated that the proposed CNT-based PUFs are exceptionally robust with an average fractional intra-device Hamming distance well below 0.01 both at room temperature and under varying temperatures in the range from 23 ∘C to 120 ∘C. We attributed the excellent heat tolerance to comparatively low activation energies of less than 40 meV extracted from an Arrhenius plot. As the number of unstable bits in the examined implementation is extremely low, our devices allow for a lightweight and simple error correction, just by selecting stable cells, thereby diminishing the need for complex error correction. Through a significant number of tests, we demonstrated the capability of novel nanomaterial devices to serve as highly efficient hardware security primitives.
Funder
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft University of Passau University of Chemnitz
Subject
General Materials Science,General Chemical Engineering
Reference48 articles.
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