A Systematic Literature Review on Health Benefits, Incentives, and Applications to Promote Walking in Urban Areas

Author:

Karolemeas Christos1ORCID,Mitropoulos Lambros2ORCID,Koliou Katerina2ORCID,Tzamakos Dionysios2,Stavropoulou Eirini2ORCID,Moschou Evi2,Kepaptsoglou Konstantinos2

Affiliation:

1. Department of Geography and Regional Planning, School of Rural and Surveying Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 157 80 Attica, Greece

2. Department of Rural Technology and Development, School of Rural, Surveying and Geoinformatics Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 157 73 Athens, Greece

Abstract

The transportation sector contributes significantly to global warming, as well as to urban fabric problems such as traffic congestion, traffic accidents, noise pollution, and air pollution. A shift from fossil fuels to renewable sources and from motorized to non-motorized modes is now considered essential to create sustainable communities. Walking is a sustainable transport mode and several studies have focused on factors affecting it, including travel behavior and sociodemographics. In this study, we conduct a systematic literature review to identify and record walking benefits, the financial incentives that encourage travelers to walk, and applications that support it. Financial incentives are found to have short-term effects, and their success depends on the level and structure of the incentives as well as the characteristics of the participants. In addition, non-financial incentives, such as improving infrastructure and pedestrian safety, or providing information and education about the benefits of walking, may also promote it as a main mode of transport.

Funder

European Regional Development Fund of the European Union and Greek national

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Medicine

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