Abstract
The objective of this work was to screen the EU-regulated lipophilic and cyclic imine toxins in four bivalve species (Atrina vexillum, Pinctada imbricata, Anadara antiquata, and Saccostrea Cucculata) from the Mozambican coast in the Indian Ocean. Toxins were extracted and analyzed according to the EU reference method for the determination of lipophilic toxins in shellfish via LC–MS/MS, but no regulated toxins were found in the analyzed species. However, pinnatoxins (PnTX G, E, and F) were detected in A. vexillum, P. imbricata, and A. antiquata. Higher levels of the PnTX G were determined for A. vexillum (7.7 and 14.3 µg·kg−1) than for P. imbricata (1.6 and 2.4 µg·kg−1), and for A. antiquata (4.5 and 5.9 µg·kg−1) with both hydrolyzed and non-hydrolyzed extracts, respectively. The higher levels of PnTX G determined in the hydrolyzed extracts indicate the high potential of this species to esterify pinnatoxins, in particular PnTX G.
Subject
Ocean Engineering,Water Science and Technology,Civil and Structural Engineering
Cited by
3 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献