Analysis of Transformation Methods of Hydroacoustic and Optoelectronic Data Based on the Tombolo Measurement Campaign in Sopot

Abstract

Measurements in the coastal zone are carried out using various methods, including Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), hydroacoustic and optoelectronic methods. Therefore, it is necessary to develop coordinate transformation models that will enable the conversion of data from the land and marine parts to one coordinate system. The article presents selected issues related to the integration of geodetic and hydrographic data. The aim of this publication is to present the various transformation methods and their effects that relate to the data from the tombolo measurement campaign in Sopot conducted in 2018. Data obtained using GNSS Real Time Kinematic (RTK) measurements, Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS), the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and the Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) were transformed. On the basis of the coordinate transformation methods used, it can be concluded that the adjustment calculus method obtained the best results for the plane coordinates, while the method of P.S. Dąbrowski et al. obtained the best results for the height coordinates. The standard deviation for the difference of the modelled coordinates acquired by the method of P.S. Dąbrowski et al. with respect to the reference coordinates amounted to: 0.022 m (Northing), 0.040 m (Easting) and 0.019 m (height), respectively, while the adjustment calculus method allowed to obtain the following values: 0.009 m (Northing), 0.005 m (Easting) and 0.359 m (height). It can be assumed that a combination of these two seven-parameter transformation methods would provide the best results. In the future, a new seven-parameter transformation method should be developed based on the synthesis of these two existing methods.