Abstract
Olive groves are Mediterranean socioecological systems. In Portugal (350,000 hectares of olive groves), a transition is ongoing towards intensification. Such effects may arise from the incremental use of agrochemical fertilizers. The Alentejo region, Portugal, was stratified according to the olive management systems (i.e., extensive groves managed conventionally, integrated or organically, and intensive and highly intensive farms) and erosive states. Agronomic (i.e., fertilizers) and biological (i.e., herbaceous and lepidopteran richness and biodiversity) variables were quantified in 80 plots so we could know how managements affect biodiversity. Intensive and highly intensive farms showed the highest erosion (up to 48 t ha−1 year−1) and the highest concentration of nitrates (11–16 ppm), phosphates (8–15 ppm), and potassium (169–183 mg kg−1), aligned with its lower flora (null) and fauna (0.50–1.75 species). Conventional extensive farms attained an intermediate position, and integrated and organic managements showed the lowest erosion (up to 20 t ha−1 year−1), and the lowest concentration of nitrates (5–6 ppm), phosphates (2–4 ppm), and potassium (92–125 mg kg−1) aligned with its higher flora (14–27 species) and fauna (up to 8 species). Studies aimed at characterizing the multifunctionality of olive groves are essential in Portugal, also considering how soil practices can minimize externalities driven by rapid changes in crop systems.
Funder
University Complutense of Madrid
Subject
Nature and Landscape Conservation,Ecology,Global and Planetary Change
Reference89 articles.
1. EUROSTAT (2018). Farm Structure Statistics, Eurostat (European Statistics). Available online: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Farm_structure_statistics/es.
2. Change and dynamics in Mediterranean evergreen oak woodlands landscapes of Southwestern Iberian Peninsula;Costa;Landsc. Urban Plan.,2011
3. The landscape of olive groves as a driver of the rural economy;Colombo;Land Use Policy,2017
4. BOE (2011). Ley 5/2011, de 6 de Octubre, del Olivar de Andalucía, Boletín Oficial del Estado/State Official Bulletin(BOE). (In Spanish).
5. BOJA (2015). Plan Director del Olivar Andaluz Decreto 103/2015, BOJA (Boletín Oficial de la Junta de Andalucía/Official Regional Government of Andalusia Bulletin). (In Spanish).
Cited by
1 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献