Affiliation:
1. College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
2. School of Engineering, Universidad de Almería, ES04120 Almería, Spain
3. College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
Abstract
Straw return (SR) plus nitrogen (N) fertilizer has become a practical field management mode to improve soil fertility and crop yield in North China. This study aims to explore the relationship among organic waste, mineral nutrient utilization, and crop yield under SRN mode. The fertilizer treatments included unfertilized (CK), SR (straws from wheat and corn), N fertilizer (N), and SR plus N fertilizer (SRN). SRN treatment not only significantly increased the grain yield, net photosynthetic rate, and transpiration rate but also enhanced the contents of chlorophyll, soluble sugar, and soluble protein and increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes but reduced intercellular CO2 concentration and malondialdehyde (MDA) content when compared to other treatments. There were 2572, 1258, and 3395 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified from the paired comparisons of SRvsCK, NvsCK, and SRNvsCK, respectively. The transcript levels of many promising genes involved in the transport and assimilation of potassium, phosphate, and nitrogen, as well as the metabolisms of sugar, lipid, and protein, were down-regulated by straw returning under N treatment. SRN treatment maintained the maximum maize grain yield by regulating a series of genes’ expressions to reduce nutrient shortage stress and to enhance the photosynthesis of ear leaves at the maize grain filling stage. This study would deepen the understanding of complex molecular mechanisms among organic waste, mineral nutrient utilization, crop yield, and quality.
Funder
Qingdao Agricultural University
National Key Research and Development Program of China
Subject
Plant Science,Ecology,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Reference40 articles.
1. Global environmental impacts of agricultural expansion: The need for sustainable and efficient practices;Tilman;Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA,1999
2. Reducing environmental risk by improving N management in intensive Chinese agricultural systems;Ju;Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA,2009
3. Study on potential straw resource nutrient return to field and application 488 technology in China;Li;Soil Fertil. China,2020
4. Islam, M.U., Jiang, F.H., Halder, M., Liu, S., and Peng, X.H. (2023). Impact of straw return combined with different fertilizations on soil organic carbon stock in upland wheat and maize croplands in China: A meta-analysis. Crop Environ., in press.
5. Spatial and temporal distribution of air pollutant emissions from open burning of crop residues in China;Wang;Sci. Pap.,2008