Screening of Alfalfa Varieties Resistant to Phytophthora cactorum and Related Resistance Mechanism

Author:

Tao Menghuan1,Zhao Yao2,Hu Tianxue1,Zhang Quan1,Feng Hui3,Lu Yiwen1,Guo Zhenfei1ORCID,Yang Bo1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China

2. College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China

3. Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China

Abstract

Alfalfa is one of the most important legume forages in the world. Root rot caused by soil-borne pathogens severely restricts the production of alfalfa. The knowledge of the interaction between alfalfa and root rot-pathogens is still lacking in China. Phytophthora cactorum was isolated from symptomatic seedlings of an alfalfa field in Nanjing with high levels of damping-off. We observed the different infection stages of P. cactorum on alfalfa, and found that the purified P. cactorum strain was aggressive in causing alfalfa seed and root rot. The infecting hyphae penetrated the epidermal cells and wrapped around the alfalfa roots within 48 h. By evaluating the resistance of 37 alfalfa cultivars from different countries to P. cactorum, we found Weston is a resistant variety, while Longdong is a susceptible variety. We further compared the activities of various enzymes in the plant antioxidant enzyme system between Weston and Longdong during P. cactorum infection, as well as gene expression associated with plant hormone biosynthesis and response pathways. The results showed that the disease-resistant variety Weston has stronger antioxidant enzyme activity and high levels of SA-responsive PR genes, when compared to the susceptible variety Longdong. These findings highlighted the process of interaction between P. cactorum and alfalfa, as well as the mechanism of alfalfa resistance to P. cactorum, which provides an important foundation for breeding resistant alfalfa varieties, as well as managing Phytophthora-caused alfalfa root rot.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Plant Science,Ecology,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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