Affiliation:
1. Breeding Base for State Key Lab. of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwestern China, Yinchuan 750021, China
2. Key Lab. of Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystems in Northwestern China of Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
3. School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
4. National Meteorological Centre, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China
5. Department of Remote Sensing and Mapping, Space Star Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100086, China
Abstract
With global climate change, changes in vegetation phenology have become increasingly evident. Horqin Sandy Land is located near the eastern part of the West Liaohe River. It is the largest sandy land in China and its ecological environment is fragile. Investigating the changes in vegetation phenology in these sandy areas and determining the relationship between vegetation phenology and meteorological factors are of great importance for predicting the impacts of future climate change and understanding the response mechanisms of ecosystems. In this study, we used the time series of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) from 2000 to 2021 and extracted the vegetation phenology in the Horqin Sandy Land using high-order curve fitting methods, including the start date of the growing season (SOS), the end date of the growing season (EOS), and the length of the growing season (LOS). We analyzed their temporal variation and used partial correlation analysis to determine their relationship with meteorological factors (temperature and precipitation). In addition, we compared the phenology and microclimate of forest and grassland within the study area. In the Horqin Sandy Land, the vegetation SOS was concentrated between the 115th and 150th day, the EOS was concentrated between the 260th and 305th day, and the LOS ranged from 125 to 190 days. Over the past 22 years, the SOS, EOS, and LOS of vegetation in the Horqin Sandy Land showed trends of delay, shift, and extension, with rates of change of 0.82 d/10a, 5.82 d/10a, and 5.00 d/10a, respectively. The start date of the growing season in the Horqin Sandy Land was mainly influenced by precipitation in April of the current year, while the end date was mainly influenced by precipitation in August of the current year. Overall, the SOS in the forested areas of the Horqin Sandy Land was slightly later than in the grasslands, but the EOS in the forested areas was significantly later than in the grasslands, resulting in a longer LOS in the forests. In addition, annual precipitation and the rate of precipitation increase were higher in the forested areas than in the grasslands, but soil temperature was higher in the grasslands than in the forests. Vegetation phenology in the Horqin Sandy Land has undergone significant changes, mainly manifested in the delayed end date of the growing season, the extended length of the growing season, and the differences between forest and grassland. This indicates that climate change has indeed affected phenological changes and provides a theoretical basis for subsequent ecological restoration and desertification prevention efforts in the region.
Funder
Demonstration Project to Promote the Low Coverage Wind and Sand Control Forest Model
China Academy of Forestry
Project of Intergovernmental International Cooperation in Science and Technology Innovation
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Major Science and Technology Project of Inner Mongolia
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
Subject
Plant Science,Ecology,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Reference41 articles.
1. Heat over heritability: Increasing body size in response to global warming is not stabilized by genetic effects in Bechstein’s bats;Mundinger;Glob. Chang. Biol.,2023
2. Climate change and freshwater resources;Hall;Nat. Resour. Environ.,2008
3. The impacts of climate change and human activities on biogeochemical cycles on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau;Chen;Glob. Chang. Biol.,2013
4. Is annual recharge coefficient a valid concept in arid and semi-arid regions?;Cheng;Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.,2017
5. Redistribution process of precipitation in ecological restoration activity of Pinus sylvestris var;Cheng;mongolica in Mu Us Sandy Land, China. Int. Soil Water Conserv. Res.,2023