Extracts from the Leaf of Couroupita guianensis (Aubl.): Phytochemical, Toxicological Analysis and Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities against Oral Microorganisms
Author:
Augusco Marco Aurélio Carmona1, Sarri Daniela Abram1, Panontin Juliane Farinelli1, Rodrigues Maria Angélica Melo2, Fernandes Rachel de Moura Nunes23, Silva Juliana Fonseca Moreira da4, Cardoso Claudia Andrea Lima5ORCID, Rambo Magale Karine Diel1, Scapin Elisandra123ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences—CIAMB, Federal University of Tocantins, Campus of Palmas, Palmas 77001-090, TO, Brazil 2. Environmental Engineering Course, Chemistry Laboratory, Block II, Federal University of Tocantins, Campus of Palmas, Palmas 77001-090, TO, Brazil 3. Postgraduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology—BIONORTE, Federal University of Tocantins, Campus of Palmas, Palmas 77001-090, TO, Brazil 4. Medical Course, Laboratory of General and Applied Microbiology, Federal University of Tocantins, Campus of Palmas, Palmas 77001-090, TO, Brazil 5. Center for Studies in Natural Resources, State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Dourados 79804-970, MS, Brazil
Abstract
The study of phytotherapy in dentistry holds great relevance because of the scarcity of research conducted on the treatment of oral pathologies, specifically, caries and periodontal disease. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze the chemical composition of extracts from Couroupita guianensis Aubl. leaves, evaluate their toxicity, and assess their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, and Candida albicans. Three extracts were prepared using assisted ultrasound and the Soxhlet apparatus, namely, Crude Ultrasound Extract (CUE), Crude Soxhlet Extract (CSE), and the Ethanol Soxhlet Extract (ESE). Flavonoids, tannins, and saponins were detected in the chemical analysis, while LC-DAD analysis revealed the presence of caffeic acid, sinapic acid, rutin, quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, and apigenin in all extracts. GC-MS analysis identified stigmasterol and β-sitosterol in the CUE and CSE. The ESE showed higher antioxidant activity (2.98 ± 0.96 and 4.93 ± 0.90) determined by the DPPH• and ABTS•+ methods, respectively. In the toxicity evaluation, the CUE at 50 μg/mL and the ESE at 50 μg/mL stimulated the growth of Allium cepa roots, while all extracts inhibited root growth at 750 μg/mL. None of the extracts exhibited toxicity against Artemia salina. Antibacterial activity was observed in all extracts, particularly against the microorganisms S. aureus and S. mutans. However, no antifungal activity against C. albicans was detected. These results suggest that extracts of C. guianensis have therapeutic potential for controlling microorganisms in the oral microbiota.
Funder
Postgraduate Program in Environmental Science (PPGCiamb) at UFT Pro-Rectory for Research (PROPESQ) at UFT Foundation for Research Support of the State of Tocantins
Subject
Plant Science,Ecology,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
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