In Vitro Cultivation and Ginsenosides Accumulation in Panax ginseng: A Review
Author:
Xu Fengjiao1, Valappil Anjali Kariyarath2, Mathiyalagan Ramya2ORCID, Tran Thi Ngoc Anh1, Ramadhania Zelika Mega1ORCID, Awais Muhammad1, Yang Deok Chun12ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea 2. Department of Biopharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
Abstract
The use of in vitro tissue culture for herbal medicines has been recognized as a valuable source of botanical secondary metabolites. The tissue culture of ginseng species is used in the production of bioactive compounds such as phenolics, polysaccharides, and especially ginsenosides, which are utilized in the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. This review paper focuses on the in vitro culture of Panax ginseng and accumulation of ginsenosides. In vitro culture has been applied to study organogenesis and biomass culture, and is involved in direct organogenesis for rooting and shooting from explants and in indirect morphogenesis for somatic embryogenesis via the callus, which is a mass of disorganized cells. Biomass production was conducted with different types of tissue cultures, such as adventitious roots, cell suspension, and hairy roots, and subsequently on a large scale in a bioreactor. This review provides the cumulative knowledge of biotechnological methods to increase the ginsenoside resources of P. ginseng. In addition, ginsenosides are summarized at enhanced levels of activity and content with elicitor treatment, together with perspectives of new breeding tools which can be developed in P. ginseng in the future.
Funder
Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture and Forestry Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs
Subject
Plant Science,Ecology,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
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