Autotetraploid Origin of Chinese Cherry Revealed by Chromosomal Karyotype and In Situ Hybridization of Seedling Progenies
Author:
Wang Yan12ORCID, Li Xueou1, Feng Yan13, Wang Juan1, Zhang Jing1, Liu Zhenshan1, Wang Hao1, Chen Tao4, He Wen12ORCID, Wu Zhiwei1, Lin Yuanxiu1ORCID, Zhang Yunting1, Li Mengyao1ORCID, Chen Qing12ORCID, Zhang Yong1ORCID, Luo Ya1, Tang Haoru1ORCID, Wang Xiaorong12ORCID
Affiliation:
1. College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China 2. Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, China 3. Rural Revitalization Service Center, Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Cuiping District Yibin City, Yibin 644000, China 4. College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China
Abstract
Polyploidy is considered a driving force in plant evolution and diversification. Chinese cherry [Cerasus pseudocerasus (Lindl.) G.Don], an economically important fruit crop native to China, has evolved at the tetraploid level, with a few pentaploid and hexaploid populations. However, its auto- or allo-polyploid origin remains unclear. To address this issue, we analyzed the ploidy levels and rDNA chromosomal distribution in self- and open-pollinated seedling progenies of tetraploid and hexaploid Chinese cherry. Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) analysis was conducted to reveal the genomic relationships between Chinese cherry and diploid relatives from the genus Cerasus. Both self- and open-pollinated progenies of tetraploid Chinese cherry exhibited tetraploids, pentaploids, and hexaploids, with tetraploids being the most predominant. In the seedling progenies of hexaploid Chinese cherry, the majority of hexaploids and a few pentaploids were observed. A small number of aneuploids were also observed in the seedling progenies. Chromosome 1, characterized by distinct length characteristics, could be considered the representative chromosome of Chinese cherry. The basic Chinese cherry genome carried two 5S rDNA signals with similar intensity, and polyploids had the expected multiples of this copy number. The 5S rDNA sites were located at the per-centromeric regions of the short arm on chromosomes 4 and 5. Three 45S rDNA sites were detected on chr. 3, 4 and 7 in the haploid complement of Chinese cherry. Tetraploids exhibited 12 signals, while pentaploids and hexaploids showed fewer numbers than expected multiples. Based on the GISH signals, Chinese cherry demonstrated relatively close relationships with C. campanulata and C. conradinae, while being distantly related to another fruiting cherry, C. avium. In combination with the above results, our findings suggested that Chinese cherry likely originated from autotetraploidy.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China Sichuan Science and Technology Program Cherry Resources Sharing and Service Platform of Sichuan Province
Subject
Plant Science,Ecology,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
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