Arctic Edible Brown Alga Fucus distichus L.: Biochemical Composition, Antiradical Potential and Human Health Risk
Author:
Obluchinskaya Ekaterina D.1ORCID, Pozharitskaya Olga N.1ORCID, Gorshenina Elena V.1, Zakharov Denis V.12ORCID, Flisyuk Elena V.3, Terninko Inna I.4ORCID, Generalova Yuliya E.4, Shikov Alexander N.13ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Murmansk Marine Biological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (MMBI RAS), 17 Vladimirskaya Str., 183038 Murmansk, Russia 2. Zoological Institute RAS (ZIN RAS), 1 Universitetskaya Embankment, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia 3. Department of Technology of Pharmaceutical Formulations, St. Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, 14 Prof. Popov Str., 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia 4. Core Shared Research Facilities “Analytical Center”, St. Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, 14 Prof. Popov Str., 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
Abstract
Fucus distichus L. is the dominant canopy-forming macroalga in the rocky intertidal areas of the Arctic and Subarctic. In the present study, the impact of the geographic location of F. distichus collected in the Baffin Sea (BfS), Norwegian Sea (NS), White Sea (WS), and Barents Sea (BS) on the variations in biochemical composition, antiradical properties, and health risk was evaluated. The accumulation of main carbohydrates (fucoidan, mannitol, and alginic acid) varied from 335 mg/g dry weight (DW) in NS to 445 mg/g DW in BS. The highest level of the sum of polyphenols and flavonoids was found in samples of F. distichus from WS and was located in the following ranking order: BS < BfS < NS < WS. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity of seaweed is correlated with its phenolic content. It is notable that in most Arctic F. distichus samples, Cd, Cr, Pb, and Ni were not detected or their concentrations were below the limit of quantification. According to calculated targeted hazard quotient and hazard index values, all studied samples of Arctic F. distichus are safe for daily consumption as they do not pose a carcinogenic risk to the health of adults or children. The results of this study support the rationale for using Arctic F. distichus as a rich source of polysaccharides, polyphenols, and flavonoids with important antiradical activity. We believe that our data will help to effectively use the potential of F. distichus and expand the use of this algae as a promising and safe raw material for the food and pharmaceutical industries.
Funder
Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation Government Assignment to the Murmansk Marine Biological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences Ministry of Education and Science of Russia
Subject
Plant Science,Ecology,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
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