Experimental Evaluation of the Methane Number Measurement Procedure for Gaseous Fuel Rating

Author:

Baucke Dawson P.1,Wise Daniel M.1,Bremmer Robin J.1ORCID,Olsen Daniel B.1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA

Abstract

Methane Number (MN) is a fuel rating technique for gaseous fuels analogous to Octane Number. This study establishes and shares a repeatable and reproducible method for MN determination of a gaseous fuel using a modified Cooperative Fuel Research Engine (CFR). Adaptations required to convert a CFR engine for use in the MN test procedure are identified. The investigation includes allowable environmental parameters and operating variation limits. An essential aspect of the MN method involves identifying and quantifying Knock Intensity (KI) during engine operation. CFR engines, originally designed for gasoline testing, come equipped with their own knock measurement systems utilizing a capacitive detonation sensor. The original system is compared with a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) approach that uses a piezoelectric pressure transducer. Quantification of methane number requires an accurate assessment of the reference fuel blend (CH4 + H2). A comparison is carried out between dynamic blending using mass flow meters and bracketing using certified gas bottles containing various CH4/H2 blends from a gas supplier.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Reference11 articles.

1. Wise, D.M. (2013). Investigation into Producer Gas Utilization in High Performance Natural Gas Engines. [Ph.D. Dissertation, Department Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University].

2. Brunt, M., Pond, C., and Biundo, J. (1998). Gasoline Engine Knock Analysis Using Cylinder Pressure Data, SAE International. Technical Paper.

3. Leiker, M., Christoph, K., Rankl, M., Cantellieri, W., and Pfeifer, U. (1972). Evaluation of Antiknocking Property of Gaseous Fuels by Means of Methane Number and Its Practical Application to Gas Engines, ASME, American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

4. (2018). ASTM Standard for Determining the Calculated Methane Number (MNC) of Gaseous Fuels Used in Internal Combustion Engines (Standard No. ASTM D8221).

5. Bayliff, S.M. (2019). Evaluation of Controlled End Gas Auto Ignition with Exhaust Gas Recirculation in a Stoichiometric, Spark Ignited, Natural Gas Engine. [Master’s Thesis, Department Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University].

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