Ergonomics Applied to the Development and Evaluation of Insoles for Protective Footwear

Author:

Lima Ana Lúcia Gadelha de Moura1ORCID,Costa Susana1ORCID,Costa Nélson1ORCID,Leão Celina P.1ORCID,Moraes Anna S. P.2ORCID,Carvalho Miguel2ORCID,Atalaia Tiago3ORCID,Martins Rodrigo B.3ORCID,Martiniano João4ORCID,Arezes Pedro1ORCID,Duarte Fernando5ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Production and Systems Department, University of Minho, 4800-058 Braga, Portugal

2. 2C2T-Center of Science and Textile Technology, University of Minho, 4800-058 Braga, Portugal

3. Physiotherapy Department, Escola Superior de Saúde da Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa, 1300-125 Lisbon, Portugal

4. Podology Department, Escola Superior de Saúde da Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa, 1300-125 Lisbon, Portugal

5. IPC-Institute of Polymer and Composites, University of Minho, 4800-058 Braga, Portugal

Abstract

Knowledge of ergonomics/human factors plays an important role in the creation and design of safety shoes and insoles, contributing to worker protection, comfort, and stability. The purpose of this study is to compare previous insole designs and analyze the plantar pressure and gait pattern kinematics using the Oxford foot model protocol. The tests were performed comparing the environments on the three rockers of the gait, represented by the heel, midfoot, and forefoot, according to the classification of foot type. The analysis of plantar pressure, regarding its total and maximum distribution, showed that the innovative insole presents a better load distribution in terms of the maximum plantar pressure exerted in the hindfoot and forefoot regions. In the biomechanical analysis of gait, the five variables studied did not show variation in the normal mechanics of the foot in any of the three environments considered. The hallux joint was the one that presented the greatest divergences with the barefoot in terms of amplitude and variability, as expected.

Funder

European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) through the Competitiveness and Internationalization Operational Program under the “Portugal 2020” Program

FCT—Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia within the R&D Units Project Scope

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes,Computer Science Applications,Process Chemistry and Technology,General Engineering,Instrumentation,General Materials Science

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