Coronary Artery Aneurysms: A Clinical Case Report and Literature Review Supporting Therapeutic Choices

Author:

Sannino Michele1,Nicolai Matteo2,Infusino Fabio3,Giulio Luciani1,Usai Tommaso Leo1,Biscotti Giovanni1,Azzarri Alessandro1,De Angelis D’Ossat Marina2,Calcagno Sergio1,Calcagno Simone1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Cardiology Unit, Department of Emergency and Admission, San Paolo Hospital, Largo Donatori di Sangue 1, 00053 Civitavecchia, Italy

2. Radiodiagnostic Unit, San Paolo Hospital, Largo Donatori di Sangue 1, 00053 Civitavecchia, Italy

3. Division of Cardiology, S. Giovanni Evangelista Hospital, 00019 Tivoli, Italy

Abstract

Coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) are uncommon but significant cardiovascular abnormalities characterized by an abnormal increase in vascular diameter. CAAs are classified based on their shape as either saccular or fusiform, and their causes can range from atherosclerosis, Kawasaki disease, to congenital and iatrogenic factors. CAAs often present asymptomatically, but when symptoms occur, they can include angina, myocardial infarction, or even sudden cardiac death due to intravascular thrombosis involving the CAA. Diagnosis is typically confirmed through coronary angiography, though CT and other imaging techniques can provide additional details. The management of CAAs is variable depending on their size, location, and the presence of symptoms or complications. Treatment options include medical therapy, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), or surgical approaches. In this paper, we describe the case report of a 79-year-old male who presented with palpitations and was diagnosed with a right coronary artery aneurysm, and a review of the literature is delineated, underscoring the importance of individualized treatment strategies for CAAs.

Publisher

MDPI AG

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