Effect of Hybridization of Carbon Fibers on Mechanical Properties of Cellulose Fiber–Cement Composites: A Response Surface Methodology Study

Author:

Insaurriaga Gabriel L.1,Gomes Cristian C.1ORCID,Ribeiro Felipe V.2,Calegaro Gustavo L.3ORCID,Silveira Thamires A.1ORCID,Cruz Lóren F.1ORCID,Cruz Joziel A.4ORCID,Amico Sandro C.5ORCID,Delucis Rafael A.12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Post-Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96010-610, Brazil

2. Wood Industry Engineering, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96010-610, Brazil

3. Post-Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96010-610, Brazil

4. Post Graduate Program in Textile Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Blumenau 89036-002, Brazil

5. Post-Graduate Program in Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90650-001, Brazil

Abstract

Fiber-reinforced cement composites, particularly those incorporating natural fibers like cellulose, have gained attention for their potential towards more sustainable construction. However, natural fibers present inherent deficiencies in mechanical properties and can benefit from hybridization with carbon fibers. This study focuses on the incorporation of cellulose and carbon fibers, in varying contents, into fibrocement composites, employing a Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to optimize the material characteristics. The methodology involves testing, encompassing flexural tensile, compression, and fracture toughness tests. The results indicate an increasing trend in flexural strength for higher carbon fiber content, peaking near 5%. A plateau in flexural strength is observed between 1.2% and 3.6% carbon fiber content, suggesting a range where mechanical properties stabilize. Compressive strength shows a plateau between 1.2 and 3.6% and reaches its highest value (≈33 MPa) at a carbon fiber content greater than 4.8%, and fracture toughness above 320 MPa·m1/2 is achieved with carbon fiber content above 3.6%. This study offers insights into optimizing the synergistic effects of cellulose and carbon fibers in fibrocement composites.

Publisher

MDPI AG

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