Affiliation:
1. Faculty of Civil Engineering and Resource Management, AGH University of Science and Technology, Adama Mickiewicza Ave. 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
Abstract
The technical assessment of wooden elements is the primary step in their repair and reinforcement design. Normative requirements currently mandate additional tests, including semi-destructive ones, beyond traditional visual assessment. Despite the growing feasibility of semi-destructive tests for qualitative assessments, there remains a paucity of data enabling quantitative assessments. This study investigated the hardness of structural timber, specifically pine, spruce, and fir, from Central Europe using sclerometric methods. The outcomes of these tests were compared with those of conventional destructive tests and correlational relationships were established. A strong correlation was found between the sclerometric tests and density (r = 0.62 ÷ 0.82), while a range of strong to moderate correlations was found (r = 0.40 ÷ 0.70) for mechanical characteristics (bending and compressive strength). The correlation strength varied among different wood species, with the strongest for pine and the weakest for spruce. All established relationships were compiled into 40 functions to facilitate their future utilization in quantitative assessments during the technical evaluation of wooden objects. The study also examined the influence of wood defects on the derived correlations by considering the knot index. Sclerometric methods accurately reflect the physico-mechanical properties of elements with a small or medium defect content. However, for wood with a high proportion of defects (knots), the correlations are very weak (r = 0.23 ÷ 0.52, including statistically insignificant results). This research offers new insights into the potential of semi-destructive methods in the structural evaluation of wooden elements, highlighting the need to account for wood species and defect content.
Subject
General Materials Science
Reference42 articles.
1. Branco, J.M., Descamps, T., and Tsakanika, E. (2018). Strengthening and Retrofitting of Existing Structures, Springer.
2. Combination of non-destructive tests for assessing decay in existing timber elements;Yu;Nondestruct. Test. Eval.,2020
3. Kloiber, M., Frankeová, D., Slížková, Z., and Kunecký, J. (2023). Repair of Old Timber Log House Using Cavity Filling with Compatible Natural Materials. Buildings, 13.
4. (2010). Bases for design of structures—Assessment of Existing Structures (Standard No. ISO 13822).
5. Nowogońska, B. (2019). Diagnoses in the aging process of residential buildings constructed using traditional technology. Buildings, 9.
Cited by
2 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献