Predicting Outcome after Percutaneous Ablation for Early-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Various Imaging Modalities

Author:

Shimizu Ryo1,Ida Yoshiyuki1ORCID,Kitano Masayuki1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Second Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan

Abstract

Percutaneous ablation is a low-invasive, repeatable, and curative local treatment that is now recommended for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that is not suitable for surgical resection. Poorly differentiated HCC has high-grade malignancy potential. Microvascular invasion is frequently seen, even in tumors smaller than 3 cm in diameter, and prognosis is poor after percutaneous ablation. Biopsy has a high risk of complications such as bleeding and dissemination; therefore, it has limitations in determining HCC tumor malignancy prior to treatment. Advances in diagnostic imaging have enabled non-invasive diagnosis of tumor malignancy. We describe the usefulness of ultrasonography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography for predicting outcome after percutaneous ablation for HCC.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Clinical Biochemistry

Reference90 articles.

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